What Is a Title Search?
A title search is a detailed examination of public records relating to a property. It traces the history of ownership (chain of title) and uncovers any claims, liens, or encumbrances that could affect your ownership rights.
Why Title Searches Are Essential
Protecting Your Investment
A title search reveals potential problems before you complete a purchase, such as:
- Outstanding mortgages or liens
- Easements limiting property use
- Boundary disputes
- Unpaid property taxes
- Judgments against previous owners
Mortgage Requirements
Lenders require title searches before approving loans. They need assurance that the property can serve as collateral.
Title Insurance Prerequisites
Title insurance companies conduct searches before issuing policies. The search determines insurability and any exceptions.
What a Title Search Examines
Chain of Title
Documents tracing ownership from the original grant through each subsequent transfer.
Liens and Encumbrances
- Mortgage liens
- Tax liens
- Mechanic's liens
- HOA liens
- Judgment liens
Easements and Rights-of-Way
Legal rights others have to use portions of the property for specific purposes.
Deed Restrictions
Limitations on property use imposed by previous owners or developers.
Survey Records
Boundary surveys and legal descriptions of the property.
Types of Title Searches
Full Title Search
Examines the complete chain of title, typically 40-60 years or to the original patent.
Limited Title Search
Reviews recent years only, typically used for refinancing or secondary transactions.
Judgment and Lien Search
Focuses specifically on outstanding liens and judgments against current owner.
Title Search Considerations
Title search costs and turnaround times vary based on the type of search needed and the jurisdiction. Full searches examining decades of title history are more comprehensive than limited searches used for refinancing. Contact a title company or let 1DocRetrieval assist with your property record needs.
How 1DocRetrieval Supports Real Estate Transactions
We provide comprehensive real estate record retrieval:
- Deed copies and certified documents
- Property tax records
- Mortgage documents
- Lien searches
- Court records related to property disputes
